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AQUI
| Listings of Spanish nobility (under construction)
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| Important notice:
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| Spanish characters: � is sorted in n, ll is sorted in l+l, ch is sorted in c+h.
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| Articles are written seperately (even if written with uppercase first letter) are not rated before the
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| name but after the nobility rank: Marqu�s de La Solana to be found as Solana, Marqu�s de la
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| Emplations:
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| In newer files, filation of persons is indicated by "+-" for a child and by "+-" if there are more
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| children. The sign "� " is used to indicate a passing-by of other filations.
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| In other files: Every child is indented one tab
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| Persons, whose genealogical relation to former holders of the nobility title is unknown to me, are
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| registered at the beginning of the line without tab.
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| The following lines then relate to this person.
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| The known succession of holders of the nobility title is ordinal numbered with 01, 02, 03, etc.
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| Persons, only mentioned because of the relative context but not being or have been holders of the
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| nobility title, are marked with "<>" instead of an ordinal number.
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| The ordinal number 00 is used for holders of the nobility title whose position in numeral succession is
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| unknown to me; multi-appearance is possible.
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| If it is not clearly recognisable to me if a person was holder of the nobility title, "??" is used instead of
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| an ordinal number (which here does not mean "probably not").
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| A single question mark means that the statement is doubted.
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| If there is no relationship between the holders of the nobility title, they are seperated by "---", and the
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| relations between them are appropriately advised. At the margin, these persons are linked with red
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| > | >.
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| In new files, (one) additional name beside the name by which a person is generally called is written
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| ibn brackets "{}".
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| In older files: Among (first) names the name by which a person is generally called is written in italics.
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| If this name is unknown to me, only two names are listed. If in the literature (which I have been using)
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| more than two names appear, they are replaced by "[etc]". The semantic value of numberless names
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| is low, they are not necessary to identify a person.
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| Concerning family names, primer apellidos and segundo apellidos are listed, mostly connected by
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| "y". Additional apellidos mentioned in the literature are replaced by "[etc]". This, for me seems to be
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| justified as the use of four apellidos only between 1870 and1957 was legally ordered (see Soler NE
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| [2008]: 34) but was no practical use, regardless whether some authors constructed such four
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| appelidos. It would be correct to list such additional apellidos if the use was enforced by legal
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| reasons (e.g. if the possession of a mayoralgo depended) and the apellidos were really used.
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| Occasionally the surname of the father or mother is set in brackets "[]" because it really was not used
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| by the person concerned (regarding Spanish customs on surnames see e.g. Soler NE [2008]: 32),
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| but for reasons of clearness (so to say as proper surname) it is listed. Some authors are substituting
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| this name as surname automatically.
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| Some general remarks on the numbering of holders of Spanish titles of nobility:
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| There is no official numbering of holders of Spanish titles of nobility.
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| The numbers used in literature vary. There are different reasons:
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| If the denomination of an title has been changed, sometimes the numbering is continued, sometimes
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| renewed with 1.
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| - Some holders of Spanish titles of nobility would have been entitled to the heritance but for different
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| reasons did not sack the necessary carta de sucesi�n but nevertheless they used the title.
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| - Titles which were provided for the primog�nito are by some authors automatically attached to the
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| firstborn children who in reality did not obtain a carta de sucesi�n.
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| - The cartas de sucesi�n of the Diputaci�n de la Grandeza during the republican time of Spain
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| between
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| 1931 until 1948 are occasionally counted (of course if there was a convalidaci�n after 1948).
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| - There are titles deprived by juridical sentence. In some cases persons concerned are not counted
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| as holder
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| of the title.
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| - Some authors construct successions which did not take place in reality.
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| - Some authors did not notice short times of possession of a title although the publication is traceable
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| in the
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| "Gaceta de Madrid".
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| - Some authors mixed up holders with same name(s) of a title of nobility or counted a single holder
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| twice,
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| sometimes caused by second marriages or by different names of primer and segundo apellido
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| which were
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| "fitted" although this form of name has not been used.
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| - There are authors who have difficulties in translation of Roman numbers (which are used in Spain
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| mainly
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| for the numbering of holders of titles), e.g. XI for VI.
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| - The husband of a female holder of a title of nobility who only jure uxoris used the title is counted.
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| - It is possible that one person is counted twice because he hold a title of nobility twice.
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| Example: Joaqu�n Fern�ndez de C�rdoba y Osma, 9. Duque de Ari�n [Es1725], b1870 d1957, succeded in
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| 1902 as second Marqu�s de Gri��n [Es1862]. He resigned in 1920 in favour of his son Gonzalo (Joaqu�n)
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| Fern�ndez de C�rdoba y Mari�tegui, 3. Marqu�s de Gri��n [Es1862], b1913 d1934. After his death without
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| issue he regained the title in 1951 and thus he became fourth Marqu�s de Gri��n.
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| Here titles of nobility are dated by the year of the first royal resolution for the creation of the title of
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| nobility. The year when a diploma was issued ("dipl") is named separately if it occured in another
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| year. This year corresponds to the issue of the carta de sucesi�n and is to be regarded as the legally
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| relevant date. It should be mentioned that this is not handled consequently by the "Gu�a de la
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| Nobleza" and other publications.
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| For example, Guia GT [1975]: 273 and still Elenco GT 44[2011]: 454 give the creation date may 20, 1834 for
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| Francisco (Mar�a de la Luz) de Arango y Parre�o [etc], 1. Marqu�s de la Gratitud [Es1834], b1765 d1837, but
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| this was not executed (no carta de sucesi�n) while Domingo de Arango y Herrera, 2. Marqu�s de la
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| Gratitud [Es1834], b1858 d1924, succeded and got a carta de sucesi�n june 10, 1880 (Nieto DNC [1954]: 259-260).
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| The succession in a title of nobility ("succ") is named by the date of the year. It is generally the year
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| in which the carta de sucesi�n was issued. If two differend years are named or one ends with a
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| slash "/", the (first) number is the year in which the issue of the carta de sucesi�n has been mandated
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| ("B.O.E."). The second number is the year of the carta de sucesi�n. In newer files, the data are
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| signed with d for successions granted by the Deputaci�n de la Grandeza, with m (for the mandate)
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| and c (f�r the carta) respectively.
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| Foreign titles of nobility (mainly of Sicily, Naples, Both Sicilies, Spanish Netherlands, Sardinia, Italy)
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| to which in Spain a rehabilitaci�n was decreted, are as Spanish titles of nobility named by the year
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| of the rehabilitaci�n, the holders are counted from then.
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| Titles are saved in files named by their first three letters (see Summary).
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